Which term is used to describe the harmful effects that pesticides can have on humans and the environment?

The term that accurately describes the harmful effects that pesticides can have on humans and the environment is "hazards." In the context of pesticide use, hazards refer to the potential for harm resulting from exposure to a chemical or pesticide. This includes the various ways in which humans, non-target organisms, and the environment can be adversely affected by pesticide applications.

Hazards account not only for the toxic properties of a substance but also consider the ways in which individuals might be exposed to it, whether through direct contact, inhalation, or ingestion. This comprehensive understanding is crucial for mitigating risks associated with pesticide use and ensuring safety for applicators, bystanders, and the surrounding ecosystem.

Other terms, while they may relate to safety and risk management in various ways, do not capture this specific concept as precisely as "hazards" does. For instance, "risks" generally refer to the likelihood of harm occurring from a specific hazard, while "effects" refers more broadly to the outcomes of exposure, and "dangers" is a more generic term that does not specifically encompass the nuanced understanding of the pesticide's harmful potential. Understanding hazards is essential for implementing effective measures to minimize their impacts.